Electric Vehicle Induction Motor Automated Drive System with Smart Battery Monitoring Performance for Range Exchanger

Abstract

This study describes the development of a model of an electric vehicle (EV) with a smart battery-powered inverter-controlled induction machine drive system. The computer simulation model in MATLAB Simulink is used to estimate the energy and power requirements of vehicles over standard driving cycles under various driving conditions. Here, using smart logic for battery performance, factors affecting range and energy use, helps to optimize maximum efficiency of battery and motor performance. So, the study is used to review different motor drive systems in EVs. According to these researches, some conclusions have been obtained. The main focus of the study is on control techniques which are being applied to make AC drives a rapidly growing area. So, the overall research is to develop mathematical modeling with simulation results to compare experimentally the transitional characteristics of the electric drives in various operating modes. The new algorithm used to achieve energy efficient performance of EV-motors is based on self-commutated current inverter with a relay regulator of stator current. This inverter has IGBT based switching with PWM and additional cutting diodes and buffer capacitor blocks. From this, switching operation with VSI operation produced output of inverter nearly sinusoidal with lower harmonic distortions. Scientists try to enhance energy densities, ranges and quicken the charging. Hence research is required to be done for interconnecting EV components in an intelligent way for motor drives with battery system. Electric motor and battery, both are the most important components in EV with the function of motor at frequent stop, start, slow down and acceleration, and it can realize the needs of high starting torque and better speed regulation, simple and reliable operation and long service life. This characteristic is consist in induction motors suitable for acceleration test, where simulated induced torque, rotor speed, mechanical out-put power, efficiency, slip and stator current waveforms were generated accordingly. Hence the mathematical Simulink model was developed to analyze the IM drives’ performance for electric vehicle application. The type of inverter used in the 3-phase AC drive model is a voltage source inverter (VSI) in the sense that this inverter is fed by a constant DC voltage. This stabilized voltage with controlled rectifiers and bidirectional converters to charge (capacitive DC bus voltage). In this model of closed loop system, we have error detection for both speed and current with respective controllers which can provide controlled PWM voltage and frequency signals applied by the six-step inverter in order to maintain the (V/F) ratio constant. The controlled uses PI-Type with deferent PID values of tuning for AC machines controlling used as vector-controlled drives. It has two main functions: to achieve high starting torque with limiting high in-rush current losses which affects the performance. Second and most costly part of power source in EV-system is battery technology to do research on the modelling and state estimation of batteries, which is essential for optimizing energy management, extending the life, application cycles, and thermal optimization of batteries in EVs. Finally, the current work also highlights a number of key factors and challenges and presents the possible recommendations for the development of next generation of smart SoC estimation and battery management systems for electric vehicles and battery energy storage system.