Trends in Opto-Electro and Optical Communications
https://engineeringjournals.stmjournals.in/index.php/TOEOC
<p><strong>Trends in Opto-Electro & Optical Communication (TOEOC)</strong></p><p><strong>eISSN: <span>2231-0401</span></strong></p><p><strong>ISSN: <span>2347-9957</span></strong></p><p><strong>Click <a href="/index.php/TOEOC/about/editorialTeam">here</a> for complete Editorial Board</strong></p><p><strong><strong></strong></strong><strong><strong>Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF):</strong> <span> 6.28</span></strong></p><p><strong>Trends in Opto-Electro & Optical Communications (TOEOC)</strong> is a print and e-journal focused towards the rapid publication of fundamental research papers on all areas of Opto Electro & Optical Communication. <span>It's a triannual journal</span>, started in 2011.</p><p><strong><span>Journal DOI no.: <strong>10.37591/TOEOC</strong></span></strong></p><p><strong><span><strong><strong>Readership:</strong><span> </span></strong></span></strong>Graduate, Postgraduate, Research Scholar, Faculties, Institutions, and in Industries.</p><p><strong><strong>Indexed in: </strong></strong>Google Scholar, Journal TOC, Indian Science Abstracts, Citefactor, SJIF, <a href="https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/details?id=125014">Index Copernicus (ICV</a> : 57.07)</p><p><strong>Focus and Scope Covers</strong></p><ul><li>Enabling Technologies & Applications in Optical Networks</li><li>Survivability, Reliability & Security of Optical Networks</li><li>Signaling and Information Models for Network Control & Management</li><li>Architecture, Protocols & Algorithms for Dynamic Optical Networks</li><li>Fiber-Optic Networks</li><li>Advanced DSL Technologies on Fiber-to-the-Home Architectures</li><li>Operations Support Systems for Optical Network</li></ul><p><span>All contributions to the journal are rigorously refereed and are selected on the basis of quality and originality of the work. The journal publishes the most significant new research papers or any other original contribution in the form of reviews and reports on new concepts in all areas pertaining to its scope and research being done in the world, thus ensuring its scientific priority and significance.</span></p><p><strong>Submission of Paper: </strong><strong></strong></p><p>All contributions to the journal are rigorously refereed and are selected on the basis of quality and originality of the work. The journal publishes the most significant new research papers or any other original contribution in the form of reviews and reports on new concepts in all areas pertaining to its scope and research being done in the world, thus ensuring its scientific priority and significance.</p><p>Manuscripts are invited from academicians, students, research scholars and faculties for publication consideration.</p><p>Papers are accepted for editorial consideration through email <a href="mailto:electronics@stmjournals.com"><strong>electronics@stmjournals.com</strong></a><strong> or <a href="mailto:electronics.editor@celnet.in">electronics.editor@celnet.in</a></strong></p><p><strong>Subject: </strong>Optical Communication</p><p><strong>Abbreviation: TOEOC</strong></p><p><strong>Frequency</strong>: Three issues per year</p><p><strong><a href="/index.php/TOEOC/about/editorialPolicies#sectionPolicies">Peer Reviewed Policy</a></strong></p><p><strong><a href="/index.php/TOEOC/about/editorialTeam">Editorial Board</a></strong></p><p><a href="http://stmjournals.com/pdf/Author-Guidelines-stmjournals.pdf"><strong>Instructions to Authors</strong></a></p>en-USTrends in Opto-Electro and Optical Communications2347-9957Performance Improvement of RoF & FSO based Hybrid Network using Multi Beam Transmission
https://engineeringjournals.stmjournals.in/index.php/TOEOC/article/view/7423
<p><em>Radio over Fiber and Free Space Optics has become a popular technology to provide wireless data services to mobile users. But both have their own limitations when implemented separately. In this manuscript, we have proposed a multi beam transmission assisted hybrid network based on Radio over Fiber and Free Space Optics. It is revealed that by deploying multiple beams in the free space transmission, the data rate is enhanced by 1.25 Gbps compared to conventional single beam transmission when fiber length is 20 km & free space range is 1000 meters. Various parameters such as BER, Q factor, OSNR & eye diagrams are utilized to investigate the system performance.</em><em> It combines wireless technology and optical fiber technology network systems. It is a procedure where radio frequency (RF) signals and RF modulate optical signals. It propagates through the optical wire. It has several benefits, including high data speeds, no licensing requirements, a small beam angle, ease of deployment, simple integration with optical fiber-based cellular backhaul, low cost, and low power consumption. There are numerous uses for radio over fiber (RoF), including defense systems, cellular communication, sensor networks, radars, and broadband wireless access networks.</em></p>Abhimanyu NainSanket MalikAjay Kumar
Copyright (c) 2023 Trends in Opto-Electro and Optical Communications
2023-12-012023-12-0113216Driver Drowsiness Detection System Using Python, OpenCV and Raspberry Pi
https://engineeringjournals.stmjournals.in/index.php/TOEOC/article/view/7345
<p><em>The number of accidents and deaths can be greatly decreased by using intelligent systems to prevent auto accidents. Human mistakes, such as drowsy driving, are one of the variables that significantly contribute to accidents. The system looks for symptoms of fatigue and sleepiness on a person's face while they are driving. It is based on an image processing technique. This project presents a way to analyze and anticipate driver drowsiness with the help of built-in Python and OpenCV libraries to locate eyes in the video frames. The Eye Aspect Ratio (EAR) is computed for each frame, and the outcome is then assessed against a predefined threshold value. Once tiredness is identified, a warning signal or alarm is activated to alert the driver to get up and stop being drowsy. This approach initially identifies the eyes and subsequently determines whether they are open or closed. The system detects the driver's inactivity if the eyes are closed for a minimum of 10 consecutive frames, determines that the person who drives is dozing off, and sends a warning signal or sets off an alert using the buzzer attached to the Raspberry Pi to wake the person up.</em></p>Venkata Ramana KammampatiVyshnavi ND.V.A.N. Ravi Kumar
Copyright (c) 2024 Trends in Opto-Electro and Optical Communications
2024-01-022024-01-02132615Design and Performance Investigation of Silicon-on- Insulator Based Optical Waveguide Biosensor
https://engineeringjournals.stmjournals.in/index.php/TOEOC/article/view/7595
<em>Optical biosensors using silicon on insulator (SOI) prove itself a reliable option to get a real-time and cost-effective breast cancer detection technique. In this article, we discuss the need for and importance of a cancer detection technique that leads to accurate results without posing any harm to patients’ lives. We present a design of an optical biosensor using R-Soft CAD software simulated in the finite difference time domain (FDTD). Applications for the design and performance analysis of silicon-on-insulator-based optical waveguide biosensors are numerous and include environmental monitoring, industry, research, and healthcare and diagnostics. These applications are crucial for raising the various bioanalytical techniques' sensitivity, accuracy, and speed. The refractive index for normal cells is 1 and the refractive index for a cancerous cell is 1.34. The SOI wafer also has a buried oxide layer with a thickness of 1000 nanometers (1000 nm). The buried oxide layer serves to isolate the silicon layer from the silicon substrate and can influence the optical and electrical properties of the waveguide and ring resonator. The silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer has a silicon layer with a thickness of 340 nanometers (340 nm). This silicon layer serves as the core material for the waveguide and ring resonator.</em>Indra Vijay Singh
Copyright (c) 2023 Trends in Opto-Electro and Optical Communications
2024-02-192024-02-191321625IoT-based Intelligent Car Parking System
https://engineeringjournals.stmjournals.in/index.php/TOEOC/article/view/7703
<em><span>Lack of dedicated parking spaces and difficulty finding an empty spot quickly are two main problems with the existing parking system. This system aims to rectify the current parking issues by presenting an IoT-based intelligent car parking system with an Arduino UNO, an anIRsensorfordetection, an LCD screen, servo motors, and a numeric pad. Our parking system employs a microcontroller and an LCD to show the number of vacant spaces and the number of cars that have entered in the parking lot. An infrared sensor detects the presence and absence of a car. For automatic gate opening and shutting, servo motors are present. Additionally, VIPs have a reserved space they may use by inserting the correct password, allowing drivers to receive precise information regarding parking availability with the least time spent looking for a spot. The suggested system framework isIOT-based; therefore,itusesaBluetoothmoduleHc-05 to display the status of parking spot availability on the Bluetooth app. The effectiveness of parking operations is increased as it is aneconomic systemthat lessens the strainofparking andstreet traffic fromsearchesand reducescarbonpollution</span></em>Muhammad Hamza ZulfiqarUkasha JawadTalha WaheedBarira Sehar
Copyright (c) 2023 Trends in Opto-Electro and Optical Communications
2024-03-082024-03-081323237An Automatic Upper/Dipper Light control circuit for vehicle
https://engineeringjournals.stmjournals.in/index.php/TOEOC/article/view/7635
<p>A few vehicles on streets are expanding step by step, likewise, the innovation has grown however the wellbeing factor is constantly required to have been thought of. These days vehicles come warmed with loads of wellbeing highlights. One of the fundamental wellbeing highlights that should be introduced is a programmed upper scoop control of the fog light, this component can principally be utilized during evening driving. Natural eyes are extremely delicate to light, assuming eyes out of nowhere interact with the light after murkiness, the cornea present in eye entryways contracts so that is vision gets clear and demands investment to recuperate the vision. Commonly the circumstance comes when unexpectedly a vehicle comes nearer from the front with a fog light in upper mode causing visual impairment in the eyes of the driver. During that time vehicle covers some measure of distance, and there chance of a mishap. To beat this manual plunging issue, a programmed component has been made to Plunge the fog light naturally at whatever point what is happening happens. Diminish the number of mishaps in the evening time and give happiness with driving. The working guidelines, working, and plan of PCB are momentarily talked about in this paper.</p>Pankaj Kumar RayAlok KumarMd Hussain Ansari
Copyright (c) 2023 Trends in Opto-Electro and Optical Communications
2024-02-072024-02-071322531