Electric Vehicle Technologies: A Review

Authors

  • Allam Venkatesh Student, Department of Electrical Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
  • T.R. Jyothsna Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
  • B. Amarendra Reddy Associate Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37591/joaea.v10i2.7443

Keywords:

Equivalent circuit model (ECM), voltage source inverter (VSI), internal combustion engines (ICE), state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH)

Abstract

Conventional vehicles used in the transportation sector cause the emission of harmful gases into the environment which causes environmental issues. In addition to that, conventional fuels are exhausted day to day which leads to looking at alternative energy sources in the transportation sector. Electrical energy has emerged as one of the best alternative energy sources over conventional fuels. The vehicles that run on electrical energy are Electric Vehicles (EVs).  Electric Vehicles are one of the best solutions having the advantage of less environmental pollution and the availability of rich nonconventional electrical energy (Renewable energy) sources. In the future, electric vehicles will occupy the majority of the transportation sector (ground transportation, water transportation, and air transportation). In this paper, the majority of this review is about Electric vehicles and their latest trends and technologies. 

References

Sanguesa, J.A.; Torres-Sanz, V.; Garrido, P.; Martinez, F.J.; Marquez-Barja, J.M. A Review on Electric Vehicles: Technologies and Challenges. Smart Cities 2021, 4, 372 - 404. https://doi.org/

3390/smartcities4010022

Zhenhe Li, Amir Khajepour, Jinchun Song, A comprehensive review of the key technologies for pure electric vehicles, Energy (2019), doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.06.077

Center for Advanced Automotive Technology (C.A.A.T). http://autocaat.org/Technologies/

Alternative_Fuels/

Tesla. Tesla Official Website. 2019. Available online: https://www.tesla.com/en_EU/supercharger

J. Clerk Maxwell, A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism, 3rd ed., vol. 2. Oxford: Clarendon, 1892, pp.68–73.

Das, H.; Rahman, M.; Li, S.; Tan, C. Electric vehicles standards, charging infrastructure, and impact on grid integration: A technological review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2020, 120, 109618.

Rahimi-Eichi, H.; Ojha, U.; Baronti, F.; Chow, M.Y. Battery management system: An overview of its application in the smart grid and electric vehicles. IEEE Ind. Electron. Mag. 2013, 7, 4–16.

Yong, J.Y.; Ramachandaramurthy, V.K.; Tan, K.M.; Mithulananthan, N. A review on the state-of-the-art technologies of an electric vehicle, its impacts and prospects. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2015, 49, 365–385.

Richardson, D.B. Electric vehicles and the electric grid: A review of modeling approaches, Impacts, and renewable energy integration. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2013, 19, 247–254.

Habib, S.; Kamran, M.; Rashid, U. Impact analysis of vehicle-to-grid technology and charging strategies of electric vehicles on distribution networks—A review.

Mahmud, K.; Town, G.E.; Morsalin, S.; Hossain, M. Integration of electric vehicles and management in the internet of energy. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2018, 82, 4179–4203.

Das, H.; Rahman, M.; Li, S.; Tan, C. Electric vehicles standards, charging infrastructure, and impact on grid integration: A technological review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2020, 120, 109618. [CrossRef]

Li, Y.; Liu, K.; Foley, A.M.; Zülke, A.; Berecibar, M.; Nanini-Maury, E.; Van Mierlo, J.; Hoster, H.E. Data-driven health estimation and lifetime prediction of lithium-ion batteries: A review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2019, 113, 109254.

Tan, K.M.; Ramachandaramurthy, V.K.; Yong, J.Y. Integration of electric vehicles in smart grid: A review on vehicle to grid technologies and optimization techniques. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2016, 53, 720–732.

Hu, J.; Morais, H.; Sousa, T.; Lind, M. Electric vehicle fleet management in smart grids: A review of services, optimization and control aspects. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2016, 56, 1207–1226.

Rahman, I.; Vasant, P.M.; Singh, B.S.M.; Abdullah-Al-Wadud, M.; Adnan, N. Review of recent trends in optimization techniques for plug-in hybrid, and electric vehicle charging infrastructures. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2016, 58, 1039–1047.

Shuai, W.; Maillé, P.; Pelov, A. Charging electric vehicles in the smart city: A survey of economy-driven approaches. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 2016, 17, 2089–2106.

Institute of Transport Economics, Norwegian Centre for Transport Research. Available online: https://www.toi.no/

EVAdoption.com. Analyzing Key Factors That Will Drive Mass Adoption of Electric Vehicles. 2019. Available online:https://evadoption.com/ev-market-share/

Das, H.; Rahman, M.; Li, S.; Tan, C. Electric vehicles standards, charging infrastructure, and impact on grid integration: A technological review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2020, 120, 109618.

Government of india initiatives towards EV and its charging . https://e-amrit.niti.gov.in/national-level-policy

Raghuveer S Bhat, Kavya B G, Rachana P Rao, Ranjeeth R, Implementing Fuzzy Logic to Improve the Accuracy of SoC Estimation for Li-ion Battery, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), Vol.9, 2020

Downloads

Published

2023-11-17

Issue

Vol. 10 No. 2 (2023)

Section

Articles

License

Declaration and Copyright Transfer Form

(to be completed by authors)

I/ We, the undersigned author(s) of the submitted manuscript, hereby declare, that the above manuscript which is submitted for publication in the STM Journals(s), is not published already in part or whole (except in the form of abstract) in any journal or magazine for private or public circulation, and, is not under consideration of publication elsewhere.

  • I/We will not withdraw the manuscript after 1 week of submission as I have read the Author Guidelines and will adhere to the guidelines.
  • I/We Author(s ) have niether given nor will give this manuscript elsewhere for publishing after submitting in STM Journal(s).
  • I/ We have read the original version of the manuscript and am/ are responsible for the thought contents embodied in it. The work dealt in the manuscript is my/ our own, and my/ our individual contribution to this work is significant enough to qualify for authorship.
  •  I/We also agree to the authorship of the article in the following order:

Author’s name                                    

 

1. ________________

2. ________________

3. ________________

4. ________________

 

We  Author(s) tick this box and would request you to consider it as our signature as we agree to the terms of this Copyright Notice, which will apply to this submission if and when it is published by this journal.