An Optimize Formulation to Synthesis of size Controlled Hydrophobic Starch Acetate Nanoparticles using Box-Behnken Design

Abstract

The best way to improve the overall performance of native starch is by chemical modification. In recent years, hydrophobically modified starch has attracted considerable attention for the design and manufacture of novel nanoparticulate drug delivery carriers. The purpose of this research was to synthesize hydrophobic starch nanoparticles (NPs) and to optimize process factors through the use of response surface methodology (RSM). The corn starch acetate (CSA) NPs was synthesized using an ultrasonic emulsification solvent evaporation process. The Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to investigate the effect of process factors on particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) including polymer concentration (A), sonication energy (B) and sonication time (C). For the correlation of the dependent and independent variables, we used mathematical equations and response surface graphs. The predicted minimized particle size (155 nm; 0.132 PDI) under the optimum conditions of the process variables (5mg/ml (A), 100kcal (B) and 30min (C)) were very close to the experimental value (161nm and 0.136 PDI) determined in the batch experiment. XRD analysis revealed that the A-type pattern of corn starch (CS) was completely replaced by the V-type pattern of CSA. The CSA and CSA NPs more thermally stable than the CS were confirmed by TGA analysis. From FE-SEM analysis, the polygonal shape of the CS was changed into a beehive-like structure with uniform porosity and the CSA NPs were seen as uniformly distributed spherically shaped NPs. In pharmaceutical formulation concerns, BBD is an effective design because it permits exploration and selection of the optimal composition with the least number of experiments to achieve a specific goal.