Groundwater Potential, Status and Its Recharge Behavior under Climate Change Consequence

Abstract

Water is considered life for every living substance, from simple ones to complex structural systems that exist on the earth. Without water, life is not possible. The only source of water is precipitation and it is uncertain in a country like India, where demand for water is increasing at a tremendous rate in each and every sector. To satisfy this increasing demand of water in each and every sector, one cannot rely on only the surface source of water. As a result, groundwater is one of the valuable and effectual sources of water. Groundwater is stored in geological formations known as aquifers below ground level. The hydrological cycle, which is responsible for precipitation, is enormously affected by the various mechanisms like temperature, evapotranspiration and evaporation that are due to climate change. This amendment will affect the source of water stored in rivers, glaciers, lakes, ponds, oceans, etc. As a consequence, there is a change in the storage of water in a water body. Due to the over-exploitation of groundwater, the groundwater level is decreasing very rapidly and this is the warning sign for us to wake up and think about the recharge behavior of aquifers under climate change.