Sedimentation Analysis of Pench Dam using SWAT and SWAT-CUP Algorithm

Abstract

The Soil and Water assessment tool (SWAT) can be a very important tool to analyze the sediment as the determining the actual sediment deposit requires the very extensive observations of the sediment and it can be very much expensive and time consuming. The SWAT model along with little input of observe data can be used with proper calibration technique as the actual data for sedimentation and studying the changes in the reservoir due to sediment deposit. The study focuses on the determining the SWAT model capabilities for sedimentation analysis, as the SWAT model is used for hydrological studies and flow data analysis of the basin but this study shows the sediment analysis can be done for the dam like Pench as its location is critical for analyzing the sediment using different models, the stream are short and the fine resolution input data is required for good degree of correlation for determining the hydrological parameters. The results can also be improved using filed survey data for elevation using ground based or air based survey. The data which is used for the SWAT model have its own limitations regarding the resolutions. The different calibration models and algorithms can be used for the sediment data. The different parameters other than .Sol can be studied for their influences on the sediment as in this study the major parameters are only .sol considered. The observed data availability is also a major concern, the input for the observed data in the calibration tool in this study is itself derived from the different observed data and not the actual sedimentation data. The trapezoidal formula for determining the changes in the volume in the dam capacity can be due to the morphological changes and for that the detail bathometric survey can be used for actual changes in the reservoir capacity changes. The different tools like satellite altimetry can also be used considering its own flows and limitation, as the path of satellite should passes through the reservoir. The SWAT model for analyzing the sediment of Pench dam shows around 0.8 degree of correlation which shows good correlation, but it improved with calibrating different soil parameters using SUFI2 algorithm by 0.94. The SWAT model can be used for understanding the soil fragment and its dynamics in the river and reservoir with good calibration technique.