Appraisal of Household Potable Water Accessibility in Sub–Urban Areas of Oyo State: Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing Approach

Abstract

This study centred on assessing potable water accessibility in sub-urban areas using Fiditi as a case study. This study adopted a service area network and overlay operation in ArcGIS to achieve the aim of this study. Locational coordinates of all the facilities were obtained through Garmin 76 handheld GPS. Also, ground truthing was adopted to distinguish residential buildings from non - residential buildings. Coordinates (X.Y, Z) of the study were extracted from the satellite imagery to develop the drainage pattern of the study area. This study considered a walking distance of 500 meters standard accessibility to potable water facility in accordance with the Ministry of Water and Sanitation Agency Design Guideline volume 2. This study, therefore, revealed that 698 residential buildings and 3490 households have access to the two functional public potable water facilities in the study area. Additionally, this study revealed that water facilities in the study area are randomly distributed in space. This study also revealed that as the settlement expands, the distance to the existing potable water facilities increases. The 500 m walking standard recommended by the Ministry of Water and Sanitation Agency Design Guideline volume 2 should be reviewed as this is too large for rural and sub-areas in sub – Sahara Africa as this causes overcrowding on the existing borehole facilities.