Rainfall-runoff Relationship in Small Mountainous Catchments
Abstract
An event of stream danger was seen in a little watershed, where precipitation prompted a critical decrease in soil dampness content. This development of soil water can be perceived as sporadic motions as it streams into lower layers. This peculiarity includes a significant measure of water going through the dirt, contributing fundamentally to the general outpouring from the watershed. The precariousnessdriven stream hypothesis can depict this peculiarity, which emerges because of the dirt's capacity to quickly become conductive with a negligible change in dampness. Thus, the dirt profile can either hose or intensify precipitation beats as they change into surges. At the point when the dirt dampness content falls below a particular limit, precipitation heartbeats can be totally stifled. Alternately, in the event that the dirt contains more water, it neglects to hose precipitation beats as well as escalates them by adding delivered soil water. This system clarifies the quick expansion of the hydrograph appendage during a rainstorm. The quick development of soil water can happen in any piece of the permeable soil body and can be set off by precipitation, no matter what its force, term, or complete volume.References
Burnash JCR. The NWS River forecast system–Catchment modeling. In: VP Singh, editor.
Computer Models in of Watershed Hydrology. Littleton, CO, USA: Water Resources Publications.
; pp. 311–366.
Robinson M. Changing ideas regarding storm runoff processes in small basins. In: A Gustrad,
editor. Flow Regimes from International Experimental and Network Data. Vol. III Inventory of
Streamflow Generation Studies. Wallingford, England: Institute of Hydrology; 1993. pp. 3–16.
Kutílek M, Nielsen DR. Soil hydrology. Cremlingen, Germany: Catena Verlag; 1994.
Horton RE. An approach towards a physical interpretation of infiltration capacity. Soil Sci Soc Am
Proc. 1940; 5: 399–417.
Richards LA. Capillary conduction of liquids in porous mediums. Physics. 1931; 1 (5): 318–333.
doi: 10.1063/1.1745010.
Beven KJ, Kirkby MJ. A physically based variable contributing area of basin hydrology. Hydrol
Sci Bull. 1979; 24 (1): 43–69. doi: 10.1080/02626667909491834.
Hewlett JD, Nutter WL. The varying source area of streamflow from upland basins. In: Symposium
on Interdisciplinary Aspects of Watershed Management. Bozeman, MT, USA: Montana State
University; 1970. pp. 65–83.
Kostka Z, Holko L. Soil moisture and runoff generation in small mountain basin. Bratislava,
Slovakia: Publication of the Slovak Committee for Hydrology; 2001.
Lichner Ľ. Solute movement observation in the field soils by means of radioactive tracers.
Radioisotopy. 1986; 27 (l): 7–19.
Germann PF. Kinematic wave approach to infiltration and drainage into and from soil macropores.
Trans A.S.A.E. 1985; 28: 745–749.
Pražák J, Šír M, Kubík F, Tywoniak J, Zarcone C. Oscillation phenomena in gravity driven drainage. Water Resour Res. 1992; 28 (7): 1849–1855. doi: 10.1029/92WR00748.
Šír M, Tesař M, Lichner Ľ, Syrovátka O. In-situ measurement of oscillation phenomena in gravitydriven drainage. IHP-V Tech Doc Hydrol. 2000; 37: 250–255.
Šír M, Kubík F, Tesař M, Pražák J. Liquid transport in porous media: discontinuous phenomena.
Part I: Theory. J Hydrol Hydromech. 1996; 44 (2–3): 81–90.
Pražák J, Šír M, Kuráž V, Zarcone C. Microscopic aspects of the infiltration of rainwater into lighttextured soil (In Czech). Meliorace. 1988; 24: 127–138.
Steenhuis TS, Ritsema CJ, Dekker LW. Introduction. Geoderma. 1996; 70 (2–4): 83–85. doi:
1016/S0016-7061(96)90000-2.
Beven K, Germann P. Macropores and water flow in soils. Water Resour Res. 1982; 18 (5): 1311–
Dekker LW, Ritsema CJ. Uneven moisture patterns in water repellent soils. Geoderma. 1996; 70
(2–4): 87–99. doi: 10.1016/0016-7061(95)00075-5.
Lichner Ľ. In-situ measurement of bypassing ratio in macroporous soil. J Hydrol Hydromech. 1997;
(5): 365–376.
Pražák J, Šír M, Tesarř M. Estimation of plant transpiration from meteorological data under
conditions of sufficient soil moisture. J Hydrol. 1994; 162 (3–4): 409–427. doi: 10.1016/0022-
(94)90239-9.
Tesař M, Buchtele J, Šír M, Nunzio Di F. Simulation and verification of evapotranspiration and
rainfall-runoff process in the Liz (Czech Republic) and Gallina (Italy). IHP-V Tech Doc Hydrology. 2000; 37: 273–280.
Tesař M, Šír M, Pražák J, Lichner Ľ. Rainfall: runoff relationship in small mountainous catchments.
[Online] Available at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228694316_Rainfallrunoff_relationship_in_small_mountainous_catchments [Accessed on October 2023]
Tesař M, Šír M, Syrovátka O, Pražák J, Lichner Ľ, Kubík F. Soil water regime in head water
regions: observation, assessment and modelling. J Hydrol Hydromech. 2001; 6: 355–375.
Tesař M, Šír M, Syrovátka O. Runoff formation in small forested catchment in the Czech Republic.
In: Holko L et al., editors. Proceedings of the international conference interdisciplinary approaches
in small catchment hydrology: monitoring and research. Demänovská dolina, Slovakia: Publication
of the Slovak Committee for Hydrology; 2002. pp. 5–8.
Bayer T, Syrovátka O, Šír M, Tesař M. Seasonal simulation of the soil water regime: a sensitivity
analysis. IHP-V Tech Doc Hydrol. 2000; 37: 1–8.
Stehlík J. Factors affecting base-flow recession in a granite mountainous catchment. IHP-V Tech
Doc Hydrol. 2000; 37: 257–264.
Šanda M, Císlerová M. Observations of subsurface hillslope flow processes in the Jizera Mountains
region, Czech Republic. IHP-V Tech Doc Hydrol. 2000;37: 219–226.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Declaration and Copyright Transfer Form
(to be completed by authors)
I/ We, the undersigned author(s) of the submitted manuscript, hereby declare, that the above manuscript which is submitted for publication in the STM Journals(s), is not published already in part or whole (except in the form of abstract) in any journal or magazine for private or public circulation, and, is not under consideration of publication elsewhere.
- I/We will not withdraw the manuscript after 1 week of submission as I have read the Author Guidelines and will adhere to the guidelines.
- I/We Author(s ) have niether given nor will give this manuscript elsewhere for publishing after submitting in STM Journal(s).
- I/ We have read the original version of the manuscript and am/ are responsible for the thought contents embodied in it. The work dealt in the manuscript is my/ our own, and my/ our individual contribution to this work is significant enough to qualify for authorship.
- I/We also agree to the authorship of the article in the following order:
Author’s name
1. ________________
2. ________________
3. ________________
4. ________________
| We Author(s) tick this box and would request you to consider it as our signature as we agree to the terms of this Copyright Notice, which will apply to this submission if and when it is published by this journal. |
