Experimental Investigation of EAFS Aggregate Concrete by Partially Replacing Cement with Single Blended SCMs Fly Ash, GGBS and UGGBS for Sustainable Concrete

Abstract

This study represents research work on the effect of electric arc furnace slag (EAFS) aggregate containing concrete with the utilization of different secondary cementitious materials (SCMs) in single blending, which is the extension of our previous work to optimize EAFS aggregate in concrete. We found 50% EAFS aggregate replacement performance comparatively better as compared to natural aggregate. A total of 12 concrete mixes were cast in different single blended SCMs containing ordinary Portland cement (OPC) to maintain a total cementitious (OPC + SCMs) content of 450 kg/m3 and replacing 35%, 45%, 55%, & 60% fly ash; 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS); and 5%, 10%, and 15% ultrafine GGBS to cement substitutions. The optimal improvement in compressive strength, density, water permeability, rapid chloride penetration test, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and electrical resistivity were obtained based on different SCMs, that is, fly ash at 35%, GGBS at 70%, ultrafine GGBS at 5% substitution to cement to control EAFS concrete which makes concrete performance excellent without compromising engineering properties. It also make green concrete, reducing consumption of cement, which produces significant CO2 and utilize hazardous industrial byproduct waste in concrete, to resolve issue of land disposal sites which preserve other natural resources. This modified green concrete is also cost-effective as compared to conventional concrete. This study reports that SCMs like fly ash, GGBS, and ultrafine GGBS are a consistent, sustainable alternative over the conventional concrete containing EAFS aggregate in today's competitive, rapidly growing construction industry