Signal Transduction Pathways in Xenotransplantation: Insights and Implications

Abstract

In this article, we will discuss Xenotransplantation which is used for the transplantation of tissues or organs cells from one species to another species. It holds tremendous promise for addressing the clinical shortage of human organs for transplantation. In this review we provide a comprehensive analysis of the key signal transduction involved in xenotransplantation is paramount for overcoming these hurdles and advancing the field toward clinical application. Many studies on animals have been conducted during the last many decades. Most of this research transferred pig organs into baboons. A better knowledge of immune detection and rejection of xenografts has resulted in new medicines that can partially overcome hyperacute rejection (HAR), delayed xenograft rejection (DXR), or acute vascular xenograft rejection. Pigs are the most promising source of animal kidneys this is because they are widely available, have kidneys that are similar in size to humans, and have a low risk of transferring disease to bridge the gap between organ demand and availability, xenotransplantation has long been seen as a viable treatment option for end-stage organ failure. David Bennett Sr., the first patient to have his failing heart replaced with a xeno-pig heart, realized this promise earlier this year. However, it is important to note that xenotransplantation is a difficult discipline, with ongoing study into challenges such as immunological compatibility, ethical implications, and safety concerns. Successful xenotransplantation could help to address human organ scarcity.