SEASONAL TEMPERATURE IMPACT ON THE DRIVING RANGE OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE: EFFECTS ON CARBON EMISSION SAVING

Abstract

The main goal of the project is to analyse the impact of the seasonal temperature on the performance of the battery of electric vehicles, thus on the driving range. A simulation study has been developed for a Tesla model 3 Mid Range operating in the area of Lyon (France). The simulation has been run for a year based on monthly average temperatures, developing a process to estimate daily temperature evolution. It has been observed that an enlargement of the driving range is produced from 20th of April to 12th of September, with a reduction in the driving range for the rest of the year. A maximum global increment of 25 km for summer time has been found, representing a relative increase of 6%. Temperature impact has been simulated for vehicles with energy recovery system (ERS) engaged and disengaged. Driving range is higher, 1.8 km per daily trip of 24 km, for the vehicle with ERS engaged in summer. In winter the reduction is also higher for the electric vehicle that has the ERS engaged although the reduction remains around 0.3 km for both ERS engaged and disengaged. A simulation for the carbon emissions saving has also been run. The simulation has produced a reduction of carbon dioxide emitted to the atmosphere that varies from a minimum of 7.7738 kg of CO2 per liter of fuel use for a distance of 100 km, in the case of gasoline, to a maximum of 10.4070 kg for the case of diesel use. These values, however, should be lowered if the required electricity to recharge the battery of the electric vehicle is generated in thermal power plants. In this case, the values are 6.0311 kg of CO2 and 8.8330 kg of CO2 for gasoline and diesel.