Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

SAFETY CLIMATE AND SAFETY SYSTEMS FACTORS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH ORGANISATIONAL ATTRIBUTES AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF EMPLOYEES IN MAJOR ACCIDENT HAZARDOUS INDUSTRIES IN KARNATAKA STATE, INDIA

Narayanappa Thimmarayappa Vijalapura

Abstract


The present work evaluates the existing critical safety climate and safety system components in the Major Hazardous Industries in Karnataka state, India and establishes the quantitative relationship between them with the organisational and demographic characteristics using a Questionnaire method (containing 81 questions of various safety climate parameters and 53 questions of various safety engineering system parameters among 1029 employees in 22 major hazardous industries in Karnataka). A research instrument using 5-point Likert scale is developed and the collected data was subjected to Exploratory Factor Analysis, which resulted in 13 factors in case of safety climate and 6 factors in case of safety engineering systems whose Eigen values are more than 1 and weighs more than 0.4.  The status of safety climate and safety engineering systems of MHIs is studied based on the overall grand mean of the safety climate and safety engineering system scores of all the respondents. The high-level safety climate is reported 49.9% and the low-level safety climate reported is 50.1%.  The level of safety engineering systems reported as low constituted 45.9% and as high constituted 54.1%. Furthermore, detailed analysis is conducted for the status of Safety climate and safety systems with respect to Industrial Attributes like Type of Industrial Sector, Cost of the Project, Size of the Industry, Nature of hazard and hazardous substance used and Demographical characteristics of employees such as Age, Gender, Designation, Experience, Qualification, Employment category, and their significance levels are evaluated. Moreover, the relationship between safety climate and safety engineering systems is determined. It is found that low safety engineering systems results in low safety climate for 84.70% of cases. Similarly, higher safety systems result in high safety climate for 79.20% of the cases. Thus, the association between two attributes are statistically significant at 5% significance level.  

Keywords: Safety Climate, Safety systems, Management commitment towards safety, Safety Leadership, Training and Development, Workers Involvement, Accidents, Injury Rates.


Keywords


Safety Climate, Safety systems, Management commitment towards safety, Safety Leadership, Training and Development, Workers Involvement, Accidents, Injury Rates.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ayim Gyekye, S., & Salminen, S. (2010). Organizational safety climate and work experience. International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics, 16(4), 431-443.

Barling, J. E., & Frone, M. R. (2004). The psychology of workplace safety. American Psychological Association.

Barraclough, P., af Wåhlberg, A., Freeman, J., Watson, B., & Watson, A. (2016). Predicting crashes using traffic offences. A meta-analysis that examines potential bias between self-report and archival data. PLoS one, 11(4), e0153390.

Beriha G.S., B, Patnaik, S.S. Mahapatra, S.Padhee. 2010. Assessment of safety performance in Indian Industries using Fuzzy approach. .dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2011.09.018

Bjerkan, A. M. (2010). Health, environment, safety culture and climate–analysing the relationships to occupational accidents. Journal of Risk Research, 13(4), 445-477.

Brown, R.L., Holmes, H., 1986. The use of factor analytic procedure for assessing the validity of an employee safety climate model. Accident Analysis & Prevention 18 (6), 445–470

Budworth, N., 1997. The development and evaluation of a safety climate measure as a diagnostic tool in safety management. IOSH Journal 1, 19–29.

Carder, B., & Ragan, P.W. (2003). A survey-based system for safety measurement and improvement. Journal of safety research, 34 (2), 157-165.

Cheyne, A.T.J., Cox, S., Oliver, A., Tomas, J.M., 1998. Modeling safety climate in the prediction of levels of safety activity. Work and Stress 12, 255–271.Control of Industrial Major Accident Hazard (CIMAH) rules 1994. Govt of India Act.

Choudhry, R. M., & Fang, D. (2008). Why operatives engage in unsafe work behavior: Investigating factors on construction sites. Safety science, 46(4), 566-584.

Choudhry, R. M., Fang, D., & Mohamed, S. (2007). The nature of safety culture: A survey of the state-of-the-art. Safety science, 45(10), 993-1012.

Clarke, S. (2004). Safety climate in an automobile manufacturing plant: The effects of work environment, job communication and safety attitudes on accidents and unsafe behaviour. Personnel Review, 35(4), 413-430.

Cooper, M. D., & Phillips, R. A. (2004). Exploratory analysis of the safety climate and safety behavior relationship. Journal of safety research, 35(5), 497-512.

DeJoy, D. M., Schaffer, B. S., Wilson, M. G., Vandenberg, R. J., & Butts, M. M. (2004). Creating safer workplaces: assessing the determinants and role of safety climate. Journal of safety research, 35(1), 81-90.

DGFASLI (2015)Retrieved from:www.dgfasli.nic.in

Dr.N. Vijay Anand (2013) “Safety Climate Among Employees in Indian Textile Industry – A Pragmatic Approach” . Global research analysis, Vol. 2(5), pp 153-154

Fabiano, B., Currò, F., & Pastorino, R. (2004). A study of the relationship between occupational injuries and firm size and type in the Italian industry. Safety science, 42(7), 587-600.

Fang, D., Chen, Y., & Wong, L. (2006). Safety climate in construction industry: A case study in Hong Kong. Journal of construction engineering and management, 132(6), 573-584.

Felknor, S. A., Aday, L. A., Burau, K. D., Delclos, G. L., & Kapadia, A. S. (2000). Safety climate and its association with injuries and safety practices in public hospitals in Costa Rica. International journal of occupational and environmental health, 6(1), 18-25.

Geller, E.S. (1996) Working safe: How to help people actively care for health and safety. Boston: CRC Press.

Gershon, R. R., Karkashian, C. D., Grosch, J. W., Murphy, L. R., Escamilla-Cejudo, A., Flanagan, P. A., ... & Martin, L. (2000). Hospital safety climate and its relationship with safe work practices and workplace exposure incidents. American journal of infection control, 28(3), 211-221.

Grosch, J. W., Gershon, R. R., Murphy, L. R., & DeJoy, D. M. (1999). Safety climate dimensions associated with occupational exposure to blood‐borne pathogens in nurses. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 36(S1), 122-124.

Gupta, J.P., 2002. The Bhopal gas tragedy: could it have happened in a developed country? Journal of Loss Prevention in Process Industries 15 (1), 1–4.

Harrick, P., & Palaneeswaran, E. (2011). A review of safety management systems in offshore oil and gas organisations.

Heinrich H.W (1931). Industrial Accident prevention: A scientific approach. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Hope, S., Øverland, S., Brun, W., & Matthiesen, S. B. (2010). Associations between sleep, risk and safety climate: A study of offshore personnel on the Norwegian continental shelf. Safety Science, 48(4), 469-477.

Huang, Y. H., Ho, M., Smith, G. S., & Chen, P. Y. (2006). Safety climate and self-reported injury: Assessing the mediating role of employee safety control. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 38(3), 425-433.

Leigh, J. P. (1989). Firm size and occupational injury and illness incidence rates in manufacturing industries. Journal of Community Health, 14(1), 44-52.

Likert, Rensis. (1932) "A technique for the measurement of attitudes." Archives of psychology. 140:1-55.

Manikandaprabhu, I., Manikandan, G., & Maran, M. (2015). Safety Culture and Safety Climate: A Review of the Literature. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 4, 71-76.

McVittie, D., Banikin, H., & Brocklebank, W. (1997). The effects of firm size on injury frequency in construction. Safety Science, 27(1), 19-23.

Mearns, K., Flin, R., Gordon, R., & Fleming, M. (1998). Measuring safety climate on offshore installations. Work & Stress, 12(3), 238-254.

Milijić, N., Mihajlović, I., Nikolić, D., & Živković, Ž. (2014). Multicriteria analysis of safety climate measurements at workplaces in production industries in Serbia. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 44(4), 510-519.

Molenaar, K., Brown, H., Caile, S., & Smith, R. (2002). Corporate culture. Professional Safety, 47(7), 18-27.

Neal, A., & Griffin, M. A. (2006). A study of the lagged relationships among safety climate, safety motivation, safety behavior, and accidents at the individual and group levels. Journal of applied psychology, 91(4), 946.

Neal, A., Griffin, M. A., & Hart, P. M. (2000). The impact of organizational climate on safety climate and individual behavior. Safety science, 34(1), 99-109.

Oltedal, S., & Rundmo, T. (2007). Using cluster analysis to test the cultural theory of risk perception. Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behaviour, 10(3), 254-262.

Paul, P. S., & Maiti, J. (2008). The synergic role of socio technical and personal

characteristics on work injuries in mines. Ergonomics, 51(5), 737-767.

Pettinger, C. B., Boyce, T. E., & Geller, E. S. (2002). Effects of employee involvement on behavior-based safety. Retrieved March, 23.

Siu, O. L., Phillips, D. R., & Leung, T. W. (2003). Age differences in safety attitudes and safety performance in Hong Kong construction workers. Journal of Safety

Research, 34(2), 199-205.

Sivaprakash P and M. Sakthivel (2011) Safety Management Systems in Major Accident Hazard (Mah) Factories: International Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering

Sust, A. (1971). Das Unfallgeschehen in Abhangigkeit von der Betriebsgosse. Sichere Arbeit, 1. Unnikrishnan, S., Iqbal, R., Singh, A., & Nimkar, I. M. (2015). Safety management practices in small and medium enterprises in India. Safety and health at work, 6(1), 46- 55.

Toe. E. & Feng. Y. (2009). The Role of safety climate in predicting safety culture on construction sites. Architectural Science Review, 52 (1), 5-16.

Varonen, U., & Mattila, M. (2000). The safety climate and its relationship to safety practices, safety of the work environment and occupational accidents in eight wood- processing companies. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 32(6), 761-769.

Vinod Kumar M.N. &M.Bhasi, (2008). Safety climate factors and its relationship with

accidents and personal attributes in the chemical industry. Retrieved from

http://www.dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2008.09.004.

Zohar, D. (2000). A group-level model of safety climate: testing the effect of group climate on micro accidents in manufacturing jobs. Journal of applied psychology, 85(4), 587.

Zohar.D (1980), Safety climate in Industrial organizations: Theoretical and applied implications. Journal of Applied Psychology. 65(1), 96-102.

Zohar.D (2009), thirty years of safety climate research; Reflections and future

directions. Accident Analysis and prevention, 45(5), 1517-1522.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.3759/joise.v6i1.1431

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.