Optimization of Machining Parameters for Minimum Surface Roughness Indicators during the Turning of AISI 316 L Stainless Steel

Abstract

Turning is the most common process associated with the production of cylindrical shapes because of its simplicity, rapidity and economy. However, it is one of the most complex cutting processes. Turning is considered to be a complementary process of other more important processes, and yet 70% of the generated chip comes from this cutting technique. Quality plays important role in manufacturing industry. In on-line quality control, controller is provided with the job under operation and quality being monitored. Poor quality invites organization problem seeking identification of the best process condition for the manufacturing process. The purpose of the metal cutting process is not only to shape machine components but also to manufacture them so that they can achieve their functions according to geometric, dimensional and surface considerations. (Abhang et al. 2011). In manufacturing industries, manufacturers focus on both the quality and productivity increase thought CNC. Several factors influence the surface roughness obtained in a CNC turning operation. These can be categorized as controllable factors SS, DOC and FR and uncontrollable factors (tool geometry and properties of material both tool and work piece. The estimation of cutting parameters like cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut is very important for analysing the effect of these parameters on surface roughness. Due to inadequate knowledge of the complexity, an improper decision may cause high production costs, low machining quality and high tool wear. Proper selection of cutting conditions and parameters for achieving a desired surface finish is not an easy task. To overcome these problems, a number of studies have been carried out to investigate and formulate the effect of machining condition for prediction of surface roughness.