Polarization Reconfigurable Antenna: Design and Analysis

Abstract

This paper presents an analysis and design of a polarization reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna fed with single and dual feeds operating at WLAN frequency. For a single feed structure a square patch is designed first and is perturbed for obtaining circular polarization. Using PIN diodes this design can be made to generate different polarizations. In case of a dual feed structure the radiating square patch has dual feeding provision and when these dual feeds are excited simultaneously with a phase difference of 90°, a circularly polarized wave is obtained. Depending on the relative phase difference between the feeds different polarizations are obtained. The antenna is designed for Taconic (εr=2.65) substrate and the simulated results of both the antenna designs are compared and analyzed. Good circular polarization is achieved with dual feed with axial ratio bandwidth of 33.85% when compared with that of the single feed antenna design.