Open Access
Subscription or Fee Access
Studies on Mechanical, Thermal, Physical Properties and Characterisation of PLA-EVA Blend with Microclay and Product Development
Abstract
PLA-EVA (70:30 wt. %) with microclay (1, 3, 5 wt. %) was also melt blended using Glycerol (1%) was used as compatibilizer in a twin screw compounding extruder. Then test specimens were prepared by an injection molding machine. Mechanical, thermal and physical properties were evaluated. As microclay content was increased, the tensile strength, elongation at break and tensile modulus were slightly decreased but higher than that of PLA-EVA (30 wt. %) blend but lower than that of poly lactic acid (PLA). Also flexural strength, flexural modulus, izod notched impact strength and hardness were increased when compared to PLA-EVA (30%) blend. In the thermal properties heat deflection temperature (HDT) increased and melt flow index (MFI) decreased. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) shows the Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) is partially compatible since EVA was dispersed as bubbles in PLA matrix and two phases were observed. DSC also shows the melting point of PLA at 154.75°C and Tg of PLA at 59.92. EVA has melting point at 124.27°C. Product like trays were molded easily after predrying in hot air oven from PLA-EVA blend with microclay.
Keywords
References
Emo Chiellini, Patrizia Cinelli, Salvotore D’Antone, Vassilka Ivanova Ilieva
‘Environmentally degradable polymeric materials (EDPM)’,
Polimery 2002, 47(7-8) 538-544
Dinesh B, Soundararajan S, ‘Studies on mechanical, thermal properties, characterization and uv-accelerated weathering of hips-pla blends using glycerol as compatibilizer j.polymer composites’ Vol. 5, (2017) issue 2, 1-11
Brydson J.A., ‘Plastics Materials’. Butter worth Heinemann 1995, 6th Edition P432
Ryan Vadori, ‘studies on the blending of Poly lactic acid and Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene’, Biological engineering, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada, 2012.
Kumar M, Yaakob Z. ‘Biobased materials in food packaging applications in Handbook of Bioplastics and Biocomposites Engineering Applications’. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, USA: 2011; 121-159p.
Datta C. ‘Starch as a biopolymer in construction and civil engineering in Handbook of Bioplastics and Biocomposites Engineering Applications’. USA: 2011; 317-344.
Eustathios Petinakis, Long Yu, George Simon and Katherine Dean, ‘Natural fiber bio-composites incorporating Poly lactic acid’, CSIRO, Materials Science and Engineering, Melbourne, Australia, 2014.
David E. Henton, Patrick Gruber, Jim Lunt, and Jed Randall, ‘Poly lactic acid technology’, 2005; 527.
Vlasdislav Jaso, Miroslav Cretinov, Srdan Rakic and Zoran S Petrovic, ‘Bio-Plastics and Elastomers from Polylactic Acid/Thermoplastic Polyurethane Blends’, 2014, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 41104.
Andrew R. McLauchlin and Oana R. Ghita, ‘Studies on the thermal and mechanical behavior of PLA-PET blends’, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44147.
‘Heat resistant PLA-ABS Compositions’, http:// www.google.com /patents /EP2493980 A2.
Ryan Vadori, Manjusri Misra and Amar K. Mohanty, ‘Statistical Optimization of Compatibilized Blends of Poly Lactic Acid and Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene’, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 134, (2017) 1-10 doi: 10.1002/APP.44516 ,
Rajendra KumarSinglaMohammad TahirZafarSaurindra N.MaitiAnup K.Ghosh,
‘ Physical blends of PLA with high vinyl acetate containing EVA and their rheological, thermo-mechanical and morphological responses’, Polymer Testing,
; 63(10), 398-406)
Do Van Cong, Thai Hoang, Nguyen Vu Giang, et al. ‘A novel enzymatic biodegradable route for PLA/EVA blends under agricultural soil of Vietnam’, Mater Sci Eng: C. 2012; 32(3): 558–563.
Moura I, Botelho G and Machado A V. ‘Characterization of EVA/PLA blends when exposed to different environments’ , J Polym. Environment, 2013; 22: 148-157
Singla R K, Zafar M T, Maiti S N. et al. ‘Physical blends of PLA with high vinyl acetate containing EVA and their rheological, thermo- mechanical and morphological responses’, Polymer Testing, 2017; 63: 398-406.
Siti Najihah, Abdul Manan and Zurina Mohamad. ‘Tensile Properties and Morphology of Polylactic Acid (PLA)/ Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA)’., Applied Mechanics and Materials. 2015;735: 57-60.
Sunder Kelkar, Pravin Kadam, Shashank Mhaske et al. ‘Toughening of poly(lactic acid) by Ethylene-co-vinyl acetate Copolymer having vinyl acetate Content of 18%: effect of ethylene co- Vinyl acetate content’, Advances in Materials Science and Engineering: An International Journal. (MSEJ). 2014; 1: 27-37
Chi-hui Tsoul, Ya-Ming Li, Wei-Hua Yao et al. ‘Preparation and Characterization of Poly(lactic Acid)/ Ethylene Glycidyl Methacrylate Copolymer Blends’ Advanced Materials Research, 2011;150 -151: 139-143.
Fortunati E, Puglia D, Kenny J.M, et al. ‘Effect of ethylene-co-vinyl acetate-glycidyl methacrylate and cellulose microfibers on the thermal, rheological and biodegradation properties of poly(lactic acid) based systems’, Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2013; 98: 2742- 2751
Wei Yuan, Jianping Liu, Xia Song et al. ‘The research of EVA to PLA/E-AA-GMA blend materials toughening’, Advanced Materials Research, 2012; 535-537: 1210-1213.
Mahdieh Zaji, Masoud Frounchi, ‘Mechanical Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymer/Nanoclay Composites as Biodegradable Packaging Films’ International Seminar on Polymer Science and Technology’, ISPST 2018: Eco-friendly and Smart Polymer Systems pp 507-510
Masoud RazaviAghjeh, Mina Nazari, Hossein AliKhonakdar, Seyed HassanJafari, UdoWagenknecht Gert Heinrich, ‘In depth analysis of micro-mechanism of mechanical property alternations in PLA/EVA/clay nanocomposites: A combined theoretical and experimental approach’, Materials & Design, 2015; 88: 1277-1289
Kotiba Hamad, Mosab Kaseem and Fawaz Deri. ‘Melt Rheology of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Low Density Polyethylene Polymer Blends’. Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science, 2011; 1: 208-214.
ASTM Annual standards, Vol 08.01-03, Philadelpia, USA
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.