Electrochemical Exfoliation of Graphene Oxide (GO) and Thermally Reduced Graphene Oxide (TrGO) Using Ecofriendly Reducing Agent as Cow Urine

Abstract

The Graphene oxide (GO), the reduced form of GO i.e. (rGO) with thermally reduced graphene oxide (TrGO), have concerned significant interest in various fields with their exceptional properties. We investigate the electrochemical exfoliation processes of GO and rGO to understand their structural and electrochemical behavior of GO and TrGO through various characterization techniques. The electrochemical exfoliation method offers a versatile and scalable approach for the mass fabrication of the materials concerned with graphene. We explore the impact of various electrochemical domain as applied voltage, electrolyte configuration, reaction time at exfoliation efficiency and quality of the resulting graphene materials. Green synthesis of graphene refers to the development of environmentally friendly and sustainable methods. Traditional methods involve the use of harsh chemicals and highenergy processes. Green synthesis approaches focus on using non-toxic and renewable precursors, as well as energy-efficient and environmentally friendly techniques. Characterization techniques including Raman scattering analysis, X-ray scattering analysis (XRD), Thermo gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Ultra violet Analysis (UV-Analysis) are employed to assess the morphological, structural, and chemical changes during the electrochemical exfoliation process. The impact of exfoliation conditions on the reduction level, layer thickness and defect density of the graphene materials is analyzed.