Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Review on: Heterogeneous Solid Base Catalyst Production from Waste Animal Bone as Transesterification of Jatropha Oil

Kaleab Bizuneh Gebeyehu, Belete Tessema Asfaw, Tihitna Abebe

Abstract


Biodiesel is produce mainly by transesterification, reacting vegetable oils or animal fats with monohydric alcohol in presence of a catalyst. The transesterification reaction is affected by various parameters. One of this parameter is catalyst type. Generally, catalysts used in transesterification reaction can be divided into three categories: homogenous, heterogeneous and enzymes.  Heterogeneous catalysts offer numerous advantages over homogeneous catalysts as it can easily be separated from reaction mixture and can be reused, possess high thermal stability, have limited corrosion effect, and easily applied in continuous processes. Preparation of heterogeneous base catalysts derived from commercial chemicals sometimes consists of multiple complicated steps. As a result, those catalysts might become uneconomical, especially on a commercial scale.


Keywords


Homogeneous catalyst, Biodiesel, Catalyst, Heterogeneous catalyst, Production, Jatropha oil and Transesterification

Full Text:

PDF

References


Verma, D., Raj, J., Pal, A., & Jain, M. A critical review on production of biodiesel from various feedstocks. Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research 2016; 5(2): 51-58.

Gupta, J., Agarwal, M., & Dalai, A. K. Optimization of biodisel production from mixure of edible and nonedible vegetable oils. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology. 2016; 8:112-120.

Atabani, A. E., Silitonga, A. S., Anjum, I., Mahlia, T. M. I., Masjuki, H. H., & Mekhilef, S. A comprehensive review on biodiesel as an alternative energy resource and its characteristics. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2012; 16(4):2070–2093.

Koh, M. Y., Idaty, T., & Ghazi, M. A review of biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas L. oil. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2011; 15(5):2240–2251.

Amalia Kartika, I., Yani, M., Ariono, D., Evon, P., & Rigal, L. Biodiesel production from jatropha seeds: Solvent extraction and in situ transesterification in a single step. Fuel. 2013; 106:111–117.

Talha, N. S., & Sulaiman, S. Overview of Catalysis in Biodiesel Production. Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences. 2016; 11(1):439–448.

Sivasamy, A., Cheah, Y., Fornasiero, P., & Kemausuor, F. Catalytic Applications in the Production of Biodiesel from Vegetable Oils. ChemSusChem. 2009; 2(4):278–300.

Zabeti, M., Mohd, W., Wan, A., & Aroua, M. K. Optimization of the activity of CaO/Al 2O3 catalyst for biodiesel production using response surface methodology. Applied Catalysis A: General. 2009; 366(1):154–159.

Xie, W., & Huang, X. Synthesis of biodiesel from soybean oil using heterogeneous KF/ ZnO catalyst. Catalysis Letters, 2006; 107(1-2):53-59.

Baroutian, S., Aroua, M. K., Aziz, A., Raman, A., Meriam, N., & Sulaiman, N. Potassium hydroxide catalyst supported on palm shell activated carbon for transesteri fi cation of palm oil. Fuel Processing Technology. 2010; 91(11):1378–1385.

Farooq, M., & Ramli, A. Biodiesel production from low FFA waste cooking oil using heterogeneous catalyst derived from chicken bones. Renewable Energ. 2015; 76:362–368.

Obadiah, A., Ajji, G., Vasanth, S., & Raman, K. Biodiesel production from Palm oil using calcined waste animal bone as catalyst. Bioresource Technology. 2012; 116: 512–516.

Ghanei, R., Khalili Dermani, R., Salehi, Y., & Mohammadi, M. Waste Animal Bone as Support for CaO Impregnation in Catalytic Biodiesel Production from Vegetable Oil. Waste and Biomass Valorization. 2016; 7(3):527–532.

Belete Tessema Asfaw, Kaleab Bizuneh Gebeyehu. Production of Waste Animal Bone as a Heterogeneous Solid Base Catalyst for Transesterification of Jatropha Oil. International Journal of Chemical Separation Technology, 2019, 5(1): 28–48p.

Dincer, I. Renewable energy and sustainable development: a crucial review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2002; 4(2):157–175.

Agarwal, A. K. Biofuels (alcohols and biodiesel) applications as fuels for internal combustion engines. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science. 2007;33(3):233–271.

A. Ramli, M. Farooq, A. Naeem, S. Khan, M. Hummayun, A. Iqbal, S. Ahmed and L. A. Shah. Bifunctional Heterogeneous Catalysts for Biodiesel Production using Low Cost Feedstocks: A Future Perspective. E. Jacob-Lopes, L. Q. Zepka. Frontiers in Bioenergy and Biofuels. IntechOpen Limited, London, UK. 2017

Silitonga, A. S., Masjuki, H. H., Mahlia, T. M. I., Ong, H. C., Atabani, A. E., & Chong, W. T. (2013). A global comparative review of biodiesel production from jatropha curcas using different homogeneous acid and alkaline catalysts : Study of physical and chemical properties. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 24, 514–533.

Beemnet, D. Zewdinesh, G. Negasu, P. Muluken, B. Daniel, A. Gelila, T. Seferu, N. Hassen, H. Fikremariam, A. Solomon, B. Manaye, M. B. (2016). Fatty acid and biodiesel characteristics Ethiopian Jatropha ( Jatropha curcas L .) provenances. International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research, 4(1), 15–31.

Amabye, T. G., & Bezabh, A. M. (2015). Physicochemical Characterization and Phytochemical Screening of Jatropha CurcasL . Seed Oil Cultivated in Tigray Ethiopia. Advances in Biochemistry, 3(3), 35–39.

Rudolph, V., & He, Y. (2004). Research and Development Trends in Biodiesel. Chemical Engineering Mineral Process, 12, 461–474.

Gorji, A., & Ghanei, R. (2014). A review on catalytic biodiesel production. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences, 5(4), 48–59.

Caban, J., Gniecka, A., & Holeša, L. (2013). Alternative Fuels for Diesel Engines. Advances in Science and Technology – Research Journal, 7(20), 79–83.

Isioma, N., Muhammad, Y., Sylvester, O. D., Innocent, D., & Linus, O. (2013). Cold Flow Properties and Kinematic Viscosity of Biodiesel, 1(4), 135–141.

Giakoumis, E. G. (2013). A statistical investigation of biodiesel physical and chemical properties, and their correlation with the degree of unsaturation. Renewable Energy, 50, 858–878.

Rubi Romero, Sandra Luz Martínez and Reyna Natividad (August 9th 2011). Biodiesel Production by Using Heterogeneous Catalysts, Alternative Fuel, Maximino Manzanera, IntechOpen Limited, London, UK.

Thanh, L. T., Okitsu, K., Boi, L. Van, & Maeda, Y. (2012). Catalytic Technologies for Biodiesel Fuel Production and Utilization of Glycerol: A Review. Catalysts, 2(4), 191–222.

Kombe, G. G., Temu, A. K., Rajabu, H. M., & Mrema, G. D. (2007). High Free Fatty Acid ( FFA ) Feedstock Pre-Treatment Method for Biodiesel Production, Second International Conference on Advances in Engineering and Technology. 176–182.

Intarapong, P., Iangthanarat, S., & Phanthong, P. (2013). Activity and basic properties of KOH / mordenite for transesterification of palm oil. Journal of Energy Chemistry, 22(5), 690–700.

Soetaredjo, F. E., Ayucitra, A., Ismadji, S., & Maukar, A. L. (2011). KOH / bentonite catalysts for transesteri fi cation of palm oil to biodiesel. Applied Clay Science, 53, 341–346.

Shikha, K., & Rita, C. Y. (2012). Review Article Biodiesel production from non edible-oils : A Review, 4(9), 4219–4230.

Jazie, A. A., Pramanik, H., & Sinha, A. S. K. (2013). Transesterification of peanut and rapeseed oils using waste of animal bone as cost effective catalyst. Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 2(2), 11.

Azhari, Faiz, M., Yunus, R., Mohd. Ghazi, T. I., & Yaw, T. C. . (2008). Reduction of Free Fatty Acids In Crude Jatropha Curcas Oil Via an Esterification Process. International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 5(2), 92–98.

Kouzu, M., & Hidaka, J. S. (2012). Transesterification of vegetable oil into biodiesel catalyzed by CaO: A review. Fuel, 93, 1–12.

Dagmawi, A. (2015). Transesterfication of Neem Seed Oil Into Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Using Na 2 O / CaO Catalyst. School of Chemical and Bio Engineering,AAIT.

Venkateswarulu, T. C., Raviteja, C. V., Prabhaker, K. V., Babu, D. J., Ranganadha Reddy, A., Indira, M., & Venkatanarayana, A. (2014). Review on methods of transesterification of oils and fats in bio-diesel formation. International Journal of ChemTech Research, 6(4), 2568–2576.

Nisar, J., Razaq, R., Farooq, M., Iqbal, M., Ali, R., Sayed, M., & Shah, A. (2017). Enhanced biodiesel production from Jatropha oil using calcined waste animal bones as catalyst. Renewable Energy, 101, 111–119.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.