Performance Analysis and Emission Study of a C.I. Engine using Butanol, Biodiesel and Diesel Blends

Abstract

Biodiesel, which has been projected as an alternative to diesel fuel, can be made an attractive and viable substitute by use of a non-glyceride type of readily available, renewable and economic resources like acid oil. The production and consumption of biodiesel will increase in future due to ecofriendly, and possibility of use of existing engines of a motor vehicle without the need for major adjustments. Biodiesel and diesel fuel are mixed at all proportions and reach homogeneous phase. The blending of biodiesel B (100) with diesel B (0) produces a blend whose fuel properties vary with the composition of the blend. Properties of diesel fuel, biodiesel and their relative amounts, all influence the properties of the blends. Biodiesel, butanol and diesel fuel are miscible at all proportions and form a homogeneous phase at room temperature. Butanol is preferable due to its higher energy content per unit volume and the ability to use the fuel in higher concentrations. To analyze the effect of blends on the properties of the fuel, Flashpoint, fire point, density, viscosity, brake power and emission tests are carried out. Performance test and emission test are carried out by keeping speed, the percentage of diesel constant. There is a decrease in density, viscosity, fire point; flash point was found with an increase in blending percentage of biodiesel and butanal with diesel. Carbon monoxide (CO) emissions and unburnt hydrocarbon (UHC) emissions are found at a higher value than diesel fuel. With the increase in the brake power, there is an increase in nitrogen oxide found. Performances of diesel engines vary with the composition of blend used.