Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Investigate the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Short Coconut, Short Bamboo Fibers and Short Glass Fiber Reinforced Phenol Formaldehyde Composites

Ritesh Kaundal, Navdeep Sharma, Ajay Kumar

Abstract


In the field of research, the composite materials become the dominant materials from last forty years. Because of eco-friendly nature and sustainability, the researchers are using natural fibers in polymer composites to obtain good thermal, acoustic insulating properties, excellent formability and weight-resistance compared to traditional building materials. In the present research work, seven different fiber reinforcement Phenol formaldehyde matrix polymer composite i.e., short coconut, short bamboo and short glass fiber were fabricated by manual stir casting method and investigate their physical and mechanical properties like density, hardness, tensile strength, flexural strength and percentage elongation and compare the same properties with pure Phenol formaldehyde polymer composite. The results obtained from the present work shows the significant effect of fiber loading on the physical and mechanical properties of the composites as compared to the unfilled/pure PF composite. Also, it is observed that the formation of voids in the composites is an influencing factor on physical and the mechanical properties of the composites.


Keywords


Bamboo fiber, coconut fiber, composites, mechanical properties, phenol formaldehyde matrix

Full Text:

PDF

References


May-Pat A, Valadez-González A, Herrera-Franco PJ. Effect of Fiber Surface Treatments on the Essential Work of Fracture of HDPE-Continuous Henequen Fiber-Reinforced Composites. Polymer Testing, 2013; 32 (6), 1114-1122p.

Shalwan A, Yousif BF. In State of Art: Mechanical and Tribological Behaviour of Polymeric Composites Based on Natural Fibres. Materials & Design, 2013; 48: 14-24p.

Xie Y, Hill CAS, Xiao Z, Militz H, Mai C. Silane Coupling Agents Used for Natural Fiber/Polymer Composites: A Review. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2010; 41(7): 806–819p.

Norul Izani MA, Paridah MT, Anwar UMK, Mohd Nor MY, H’Ng PS. Effects of Fiber Treatment on Morphology, Tensile and Thermo-gravimetric Analysis of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Fibers. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2013; 45(1): 1251–1257p.

Ku H, Wang H, Pattarachaiyakoop N, Trada M. A Review on the Tensile Properties of Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2011; 42(4): 856–873p.

Mohammed L, Ansari MNM, Pua G, Mohammad J, Saiful Islam M. A Review on Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite and Its Applications. International Journal of Polymer Science,2015; Article ID 243947: 1-15 p.

Easwara Prasad GL, Keerthi Gowda BS, Velmurugan R. A Study on Impact Strength Characteristics of Coir Polyester Composites. Procedia Engineering, 2017; 173: 771-777p

Mahdavi M, Clouston PL, Arwade SR. A Low-Technology Approach Toward Fabrication of Laminated Bamboo Lumber. Construction and Building Materials, 2012;29:257-262p.

Bahari SA, Krause A. Utilizing Malaysian Bamboo for Use in Thermoplastic Composites. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2015; 110: 16-24p.

Md Shah Ain U, Mohamed T.H.S, Mohammad J, Francisco C, Abd R. Abu T. (): A Review on the Tensile Properties of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites. Bamboo composites review Bio Resources, 2016; 11 (4): 10654-10676p.

Shinoj S, Visvanathan R, Panigrahi S, Kochubabu M. “Oil Palm Fiber (OPF) and Its Composites: A Review. Industrial Crops and Products, 2011; 33(1):7–22p.

Arrakhiz F. Z., Achaby MEl, Malha M. Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Natural Fibers Reinforced Polymer Composites: Doum/Low Density Polyethylene. Materials & Design, 2013; 43: 200-205p.

John MJ, Thomas S. Biofibres and Biocomposites. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2008; 71(3): 343-364p.

Jayamani E, Hamdan S, Rahman MR, Bakri MKB. Comparative Study of Dielectric Properties of Hybrid Natural Fiber Composites. Procedia Engineering, 2014; 97: 536-544p.

Eng CC, Ibrahim NA, Zainuddin N, Ariffin H, Yunus WMZ W. Impact Strength and Flexural Properties Enhancement of Methacrylate Silane Treated Oil Palm Mesocarp Fiber Reinforced Biodegradable Hybrid Composites. The ScientificWorld Journal, 2014; Article ID 213180: 8 p.

Faruk O, Bledzki AK, Fink HP, Sain M. Biocomposites Reinforced ith Natural Fibers: 2000–2010. Progress in Polymer Science, 2012: 37(11):1552–1596p.

Graupner N, Herrmann AS, Mussig J. Natural and Man-Made Cellulose Fibre-Reinforced Poly (Lactic Acid) (PLA) Composites: An Overview About Mechanical Characteristics and Application Areas. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2009; 40(6-7):810–821p.

Bocz K, Szolnoki B, Marosi A, Tabi T, Wladyka-Przybylak M, Marosi G. Flax Fibre Reinforced PLA/TPS Biocomposites Flame Retarded With Multifunctional Additive System. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2014; 106:63-73p.

Al-Oqla FM, Sapuan SM. Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites in Industrial Applications: Feasibility of Date Palm Fibers for Sustainable Automotive Industry. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2014; 66: 347-354p,

Mohanty AK, Khan MA, Hinrichsen G. Surface Modification of Jute and Its Influence on Performance of Biodegradable Jute-Fabric/Biopol Composites. Composites Science and Technology, 2000; 60(7): 1115-1124 p.

Meenambika Bai G, Raghavendra Rao H. Mechanical and Chemical Properties of Bamboo/Glass Fibers Reinforced Polyester Hybrid Composites. Industrial Engineering Letters, 2014; 4(4): 39-42p.

Yendhe VS, Landge NB, Thorat MB. Development and Investigation of Mechanical Behaviour of Bamboo Based Fiber Composites. International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology, 2015; 3(6): 296-301p.

Kumar D. Characterization of Tensile Properties of Treated Bamboo Natural Fiber Polymer Composite. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 2014; 5(4):110-115p.

Bujang IZ, Awang MK, Ismail AE. Study on The Dynamic Characteristic of Coconut Fibre Reinforced Composites. In: Proceedings of the Regional Conference on Engineering Mathematics, Mechanics, Manufacturing & Architecture, 2007; 184-202p.

Zaman I, Ismail A, Awang M. Influence of Fiber Volume Fraction on the Tensile Properties and Dynamic Characteristics of Coconutn Fiber Reinforced Composite. Journal of Science and Technology, 2011; 1(1):55-71p.

Biswas S, Satapathy A. A Comparative Study on Erosion Characteristics of Red Mud Filled Bamboo-Epoxy and Glass-Epoxy Composites. Materials and Design, 2010; 31(4):1752-1767p.

Agarwal BD, Broutman LJ. Analysis and Performance of Fiber Composites. 2nd ed. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York, 1990.

Mishra V, Biswas S. Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bi-directional Jute Fiber epoxy Composites. Procedia Engineering, 2013; 51(2013): 561-566p.

Srinivasa CV, Bharath KN. Impact and Hardness Properties of Areca Fibre-Epoxy Reinforced Composites. Journal of Material Science and Environment, 2011; 2(4): 351-356p.

Zhou B, Ji X, Sheng Y, Wang L, Jiang Z. Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Poly (ether ether ketone) Reinforced With CaCO3. Eur. Polym J. 2004; 40: 2357-2363p.

Bijwe J, Awtade S, Satapathy BK, Ghosh A. Influence of Concentration of Aramid Fabric on Abrasive Wear Performance of Polyethersulfone Composites. Tribology Letters, 2004; 17(2): 187-194p.

Dong C, Davies IJ, Flexural Properties of Wheat Straw Reinforced Polyester Composites. American Journal of Materials Science, 2011; 1(2): 71-75p.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.