Formation, Analysis and Characterization of Wood Pyrolysed Oil

Abstract

Pyrolysis of wood is the possible path for converting biomass to higher valuable products such as bio-oil, bio-char and bio-gas. Bio-oil or liquid bio-fuels have higher heating values, so it can store and transport more conveniently the by-products bio-char and bio-gas, which can be used to provide heat required in the process.  This work is focused on the formation, analysis and characterization of bio-oil which was obtained from the mixed wood pyrolysis. A GC-MS technique was used for the determination of families of lighter chemicals form pyrolyzed oil. Karl Fisher titration and the other analytical methods were used for the characterization of pyrolyzed oil. In all, there were sixty-six compounds found in the GC-MS analysis of bio-oil and the major compound was acetic acid (19.06 wt%), formic acid (4.90 wt%) 1, 2-benzenediol (4.43 wt%) and furfural (3.46 wt%). Along with this analysis, pyrolyzed oil was characterized by calculating its viscosity, density, calorific value, acid value, fire point, flash point, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, ash and water content in it.