Identification of Some Imported Lubricating Oil Additives Used in Libya and Synthesis of the Most Consumed Ones from the Local Raw Materials

Abstract

This paper presents the identified six additives imported under trade names used in the lubricating oil blending factory of A-Zawia-Libya. Their structures have been completely confirmed by examining their physical properties and using modern analytical techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), infra-red (IR), atomic absorption (AAS) and gas chromatography (GC). The synthesis of most important and more consumed additives in lubricating oils in Libyan oil industry from local available raw materials as corrosion inhibitors, viscosity index improvers, detergent-dispersants and multipurpose additives were prepared by using castor oil extracted from local castor beans and some petrochemical derivatives. Some additives have followed one step reaction, while others two step reactions. Both types of reactions gave remarkable yields of 40–80%. Their performance was evaluated and the synthesized corrosion inhibitors had also been examined and various possible protection rates were obtained.

Keywords: Additives, lubricating oils, castor oil, trade names, blending factory