Speed Control of DC Motor with High Accuracy

Abstract

The aim of developing this project is to control the speed of DC motor. The main advantage in using a DC motor is that the speed-torque relationship can be varied to almost any useful form. To achieve the speed control an electronic technique called pulse width modulation (PWM) is used which generates high and low pulses. These pulses vary the speed in the motor. For the generation of these pulses a microcontroller (AT89c51) is used. As a microcontroller is used for setting the speed ranges as per the requirement is easy which is done by changing the duty cycles and time period in the program. This project is practical and highly feasible in economic point of view and has an advantage of running motors of higher ratings. This project gives a reliable, durable, accurate and efficient way of speed control of a DC motor. The device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy is called as motor. The motor that utilizes a DC supply to produce mechanical output is DC Motor. The advantages of using these types of motors over conventionally used AC motors are stated below in the paper.