Modernization in Urban Water Distribution System: A Review

Abstract

The physical infrastructure always plays an important role in the urban area. In the water distribution system, usually the water supplied from the various reservoirs to the consumers. The outline of the pipeline will track the road network of the concerned area. Due to rapid urbanization, in an urban area, the demand of water is increasing day by day. Due to this, the pressure on the existing network is growing. This may result in the gap between supply and consumer chain in different manner. Leak detection plays a significant role in the efficient  management of water distribution , as it will help in minimizing the wastage of water. By the use of various modern tools in the system, the current problems will be lessened and give one step ahead for the making of the smart city. The chief element of an urban water distribution system is to gratify water supply demand with desired standard quality. Due to rapid urbanization and water scarcity, maintaining a stable and safe water supply has become a challenge to many cities. The problems like inadequate supply of water with low pressure, pipe burst, excessive leakage and non revenue water are increasing exponentially. To overcome these major challenges, Smart water system is needed which provides fast and accurate methods and technology to manage water distribution infrastructure efficiently. In this paper efforts are made to review various advanced systems to handle water distribution network, improve efficiency of system, reducing maintenance-operation cost and prioritizing repair or rehabilitation by decision supportive system.